Autologous and Allogenic Utilization of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Decellularized Extracellular Matrices in Orthopedic Surgery: A Scoping Review

Document Type : SCOPING REVIEW

Author

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

Abstract

Background: This narrative review of the literature aims to analyze the utilization of stromal vascular fraction (SVF)
and decellularized extracellular matrices (dECMs) in various pathologies related to orthopedic surgery.
Methods: A literature search was carried out in PubMed on February 15, 2022, using “Stroma Vascular Fraction and
Orthopedic Surgery” and “Decellularized Extracellular Matrices and Orthopedic Surgery” as keywords. A total of 278
articles were found, of which 28 papers were selected because they seemed to be the most appropriate concerning
the title of the article.
Results: The reported results have shown that intra-articular injection of SVF seems to be a safe and efficacious
method for managing knee osteoarthritis (OA). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and SVF are safe and effective management
for intractable Achilles tendinopathy in humans, although subjects treated with SVF recover earlier. There are promising
results in utilizing adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in chronic lateral epicondylitis of the elbow in athletes.
Ready-to-use ECM/SVF gel seems to be a good therapeutic option promoting the regeneration of the articular cartilage
in subjects with injuries of the cartilage. The SVF can safely be used to treat diabetic subjects suffering from chronic
foot ulcers.
Conclusion: There are scarce high-quality data for utilizing cell-based approach in soft tissue injuries of the knee in
athletes. Experimental studies indicate that SVF could be a new option to osseous regeneration. Other experimental
studies support the utilization of dECMs as a scaffold for the regeneration of large osseous defects, cell-derived dECMs
scaffolds to repair articular cartilage injuries, and utilization of xenogeneic acellular muscles to manage volumetric
muscle loss where there is a lack of donor site.
Intra-articular injections of SVF seems to be a safe and efficacious method for managing OA of the knee joint. Plateletrich
plasma (PRP) and SVF are safe and efficacious methods for the management of intractable Achilles tendinopathy
in humans, although subjects treated with SVF recover earlier.
Level of evidence: III

Keywords

References

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The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
Volume 10, Issue 10
October 2022
Pages 827-832

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History

  • Receive Date: 11 August 2021
  • Revise Date: 01 March 2022
  • Accept Date: 05 March 2022

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