Inter-observer agreement between 2-dimensional CT versus 3-dimensional I-Space model in the Diagnosis of Occult Scaphoid Fractures

Document Type : RESEARCH PAPER

Authors

1 Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA

2 Emergency Department, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, The Netherlands

3 Surgery Department, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Den Haag, The Netherlands

4 Radiology Department, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Den Haag, The Netherlands

5 Department of Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Abstract

 
Background:
The I-Space is a radiological imaging system in which Computed Tomography (CT)-scans can be evaluated as a three dimensional hologram. The aim of this study is to analyze the value of virtual reality (I-Space) in diagnosing acute occult scaphoid fractures.
 
Methods:
A convenient cohort of 24 patients with a CT-scan from prior studies, without a scaphoid fracture on radiograph, yet high clinical suspicion of a fracture, were included in this study. CT-scans were evaluated in the I-Space by 7 observers of which 3 observers assessed the scans in the I-Space twice. The observers in this study assessed in the I-Space whether the patient had a scaphoid fracture. The kappa value was calculated for inter- and intra-observer agreement.
Results:
The Kappa value varied from 0.11 to 0.33 for the first assessment. For the three observers who assessed the CT-scans twice; observer 1 improved from a kappa of 0.33 to 0.50 (95% CI 0.26-0.74, P=0.01), observer 2 from 0.17 to 0.78 (95% CI 0.36-1.0, P<0.001), and observer 3 from 0.11 to 0.24 (95% CI 0.0-0.77, P=0.24).
Conclusion:
Following our findings the I-Space has a fast learning curve and has a potential place in the diagnostic modalities for suspected scaphoid fractures.

Keywords

Main Subjects

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The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
Volume 4, Issue 4
October 2016
Pages 343-347

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History

  • Receive Date: 12 October 2015
  • Revise Date: 28 February 2016
  • Accept Date: 08 March 2016

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