Document Type : SCOPING REVIEW
Authors
1
Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2
Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
3
Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran, and Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22038/abjs.2025.87193.3953
Abstract
Objectives: Osteosarcoma, the most common high-grade malignant bone tumor, has seen limited therapeutic advancements, emphasizing the need for improved treatments. This review analyzes bibliometric trends and clinical advances in osteosarcoma research from 2015 to 2024, with a focus on precision medicine and personalized therapy.
Methods: A Web of Science Core Collection search identified 17,476 osteosarcoma-related publications for bibliometric analysis. Metrics such as publication trends, international collaborations, and research topics were assessed using the Bibliometrix R package. A clinical review explored innovations in diagnostic imaging, prognostic biomarkers, chemotherapy resistance, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and surgical techniques.
Results: Osteosarcoma research publications steadily increased, peaking at 2,009 in 2021, with significant contributions from China, the United States, Japan, India, and Italy. Key research themes included apoptosis, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and immunotherapy. Advances in imaging (dynamic MRI, PET/CT) improved tumor staging and treatment response. New biomarkers, such as genetic alterations (TP53, RB1, MYC) and inflammatory markers, emerged as prognostic tools. Surgical innovations like patient-specific instrumentation and limb-sparing techniques enhanced outcomes. Targeted therapies (kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates) and immunotherapies (CAR T-cell therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors) showed promising clinical trial results.
Conclusion: Integrating bibliometric insights and clinical advancements highlights the significance of personalized approaches in osteosarcoma management. Predictive imaging biomarkers and precision-targeted therapies are pivotal, and future efforts should prioritize their clinical validation to improve outcomes for patients.
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