The Efficacy of Bone Wax in Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Document Type : SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Authors

1 hotel dieu de france

2 Hotel Dieu de France

10.22038/abjs.2024.73243.3392

Abstract

Objective: This meta-analysis was conducted to study the hemostatic efficacy of bone wax in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) defined in this manuscript as total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar (page 1-20), and Scopus were searched updated to November 2023. Only comparative studies were included. The clinical outcomes evaluated were the transfusion rate, total blood loss, and the loss of hemoglobin on day 1, 3, and 5 post-operatively.

Results: Only 3 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Bone wax was associated with a reduced transfusion rate (p=0.01), reduced total blood loss (p=0.001), and a decrease in hemoglobin loss on day 1 (p<0.00001), day 3 (p<0.0001), and day 5 (p<0.00001) after the surgery.

Conclusion: Bone wax reduced the rate of transfusion, total blood loss, and hemoglobin loss after the surgery. This may induce a reduction the cost of correcting post-operative anemia as well as decrease hospital stay and improving functional outcomes in patients undergoing TJA. Better conducted randomized controlled studies and cost-effectivity studies could strengthen these findings.

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The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 22 February 2024

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 June 2023
  • Revise Date: 15 January 2024
  • Accept Date: 10 January 2024

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