Posterior Interosseous Neuropathy Related to a Loose Distal Biceps Cortical Button: A Case Series

Document Type : CASE REPORT

Authors

1 Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

2 Jefferson Health New Jersey, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stratford, New Jersey, USA

3 Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

10.22038/abjs.2023.75292.3483

Abstract

Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) injury is an uncommon yet debilitating complication following distal 
bicep tendon repair. There are case reports of acute intraoperative PIN injury related to retractor 
placement, drill trajectory, and nerve incarceration. We report three cases of delayed PIN neuropath y 
in the setting of a loose cortical button. All patients had resolution of their pain with removal of the 
cortical button and decompression of the radial tunnel. The purpose of this case series is to: 1) highlight 
the possibility of a loose cortical bicep button as the cause of proximal forearm pain and PIN neuropathy 
in the early or late postoperative timeframe; and 2) emphasize the importance of proper surgical 
technique and use of intraoperative fluoroscopy to assure the cortical button is well-fixed and flush with 
the radial shaft.
 Level of evidence: IV

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. Sutton KM, Dodds SD, Ahmad CS, Sethi PM. Surgical treatment of distal biceps rupture. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2010; 18(3):139-148. doi: 10.5435/00124635-201003000-00003.
  2. Recordon JAF, Misur PN, Isaksson F, Poon PC. Endobutton versus transosseous suture repair of distal biceps rupture using the two-incision technique: a comparison series. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2015; 24(6):928-933. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2014.12.032.
  3. Greenberg JA. Endobutton repair of distal biceps tendon ruptures. J Hand Surg Am. 2009; 34(8):1541-1548. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2009.05.021.
  4. Nigro PT, Cain R, Mighell MA. Prognosis for recovery of posterior interosseous nerve palsy after distal biceps repair. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2013; 22(1):70-73. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2012.08.001.
  5. Carroll MJ, DaCambra MP, Hildebrand KA. Neurologic complications of distal biceps tendon repair with 1-incision endobutton fixation. Am J Orthop. 2014; 43(7):E159-E162.
  6. Cain RA, Nydick JA, Stein MI, Williams BD, Polikandriotis JA, Hess AV. Complications following distal biceps repair. J Hand Surg Am. 2012; 37(10):2112-2117. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.06.022.
  7. Lo EY, Li CS, Van den Bogaerde JM. The effect of drill trajectory on proximity to the posterior interosseous nerve during cortical button distal biceps repair. Arthroscopy. 2011; 27(8):1048-1054. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2011.03.084.
  8. Van den Bogaerde J, Shin E. Posterior interosseous nerve incarceration with endobutton repair of distal biceps. Orthopedics. 2015; 38(1):e68-e71. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20150105-92.

 

  1. Saldua N, Carney J, Dewing C, Thompson M. The effect of drilling angle on posterior interosseous nerve safety during open and endoscopic anterior single-incision repair of the distal biceps tendon. Arthroscopy. 2008; 24(3):305-310. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2007.09.016.
  2. Thumm N, Hutchinson D, Zhang C, Drago S, Tyser AR. Proximity of the posterior interosseous nerve during cortical button guidewire placement for distal biceps tendon reattachment. J Hand Surg Am. 2015; 40(3):534-536. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.10.039.
  3. Hackl M, Wegmann K, Lappen S, Helf C, Burkhart KJ, Müller LP. The course of the posterior interosseous nerve in relation to the proximal radius: Is there a reliable landmark? Injury. 2015; 46(4):687-692. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2015.01.028.
  4. Lynch B, Duke A, Komatsu D, Wang E. Risk of posterior interosseous nerve injury during distal biceps tendon repair using a cortical button. J Hand Surg Glob Online. 2022; 4(1):14-18. doi:10.1016/j.jhsg.2021.09.003.
  5. Strohl AB, Zelouf DS. Ulnar tunnel syndrome, radial tunnel syndrome, anterior interosseous nerve syndrome, and pronator syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2017; 25(1):e1-e10. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00010.
  6. Levina Y, Dantuluri PK. Radial tunnel syndrome. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021; 14(3):205-213. doi: 10.1007/s12178-021-09703-w.
  7. Joy V, Therimadasamy A, Cheun CY, Wilder-Smith E. Diagnostic utility of ultrasound in posterior interosseous nerve syndrome. Arch Neurol. 2009; 66(7):902-903. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.109.
  8. Ang GG, Bolzonello DG, Johnstone BR. Radial tunnel syndrome: Case report and comprehensive critical review of a compression neuropathy surrounded by controversy. Hand. 2023; 18(1_suppl):146S - 153S. doi: 10.1177/15589447211029045.