1. Fairhurst M. The function of below knee amputees versus the
patient with salvaged grade-III tibial fracture. Clin Orthop.
1994 ;( 301):227-32.
2. Brod M. Quality of life issues in patients with diabetes and
lower extremity ulcers: patients and care givers. Qual Life
Res. 1998; 7(4):365-72. doi: 10.1023/a:1024994232353.
3. Singh N, Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA. Preventing foot ulcers in
patients with diabetes. JAMA. 2005; 293(2):217-28. doi:
10.1001/jama.293.2.217.
4. Garber SL, Rintala DH. Pressure ulcers in veterans with spinal
cord injury: a retrospective study. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2003;
40(5):433-41. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2003.09.0433.
5. Court-Brown CM, Rimmer S, Prakash U, McQueen MM. The
epidemiology of open long bone fractures. Injury. 1998;
29(7):529-34. doi: 10.1016/s0020-1383(98)00125-9.
6. Chua W, Murphy DP, Siow W, Kagda FH, Thambiah J.
Epidemiological analysis of outcomes in 323 open tibial
diaphyseal fractures: a nine-year experience. Singapore Med
J. 2012; 53(6):385-9.
7. Pollak AN, McCarthy ML, Burgess AR. Short-term wound
complications after application of flaps for coverage of
traumatic soft-tissue defects about the tibia. The Lower
Extremity Assessment Project (LEAP) Study Group. J Bone
Joint Surg Am. 2000;82(12):1681-91. 8. BOAST. Guideline to lower limb open fractures. Available at:
www.bapras.org.uk/downloaddoc.asp?id=141. Accessed July
31, 2012.
9. Xu YQ, Lin YQ, Li J, et al. Repair and reconstruction of severe
leg injuries: retrospective review of eighty-five patients. Chin
J Traumatol. 2006; 9(3):131-7.
10. Jagdev SS, Pathak S, Kanani H, Salunke A. Functional Outcome
and Incidence of Osteoarthritis in Operated Tibial Plateau
Fractures. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2018 Nov;6(6):508-516. PMID:
30637306; PMCID: PMC6310186.
11. Aslani, H., Nourbakhsh, S. T., Zafarani, Z., Ahmadi-Bani, M.,
Ananloo, M. E. S., Beigy, M., & Salehi, S. (2016). Platelet-rich
plasma for frozen shoulder: a case report. Archives of Bone and
Joint Surgery, 4(1), 90.
12.Shafieian R, Matin MM, Rahpeyma A, Fazel A, Sedigh HS,
Nabavi AS, Hassanzadeh H, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A. Effects of
Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma on
Healing Response of Canine Alveolar Surgical Bone Defects. Arch
Bone Jt Surg. 2017 Nov;5(6):406-418. PMID: 29299496; PMCID:
PMC5736890.
13. Whitman DH, Berry RL, Green DM. Platelet gel: an autologous
alternative to fibrin glue with applications in oral and
maxillofacial surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;
55(11):1294-1299. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2391(97)90187-7.
14. Silver FH, Wang MC, Pins GD. Preparation and use of fibrin
glue in surgery. Biomaterials. 1995; 16(12):891-903. doi:
10.1016/0142-9612(95)93113-r.
15. Reuss BL, Cole JD. Effect of delayed treatment on open tibial
shaft fractures. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2007;
36(4):215-20.
16. Gopal S, Giannoudis PV, Murray A, Matthews SJ, Smith RM.
The functional outcome of severe, open tibial fractures
managed with early fixation and flap coverage. J Bone Joint
Surg Br. 2004; 86(6):861-7. doi: 10.1302/0301-
620x.86b6.13400.
17. Gustilo RB. Current concepts in the management of open
fractures. Instr Course Lect. 1987; 36:359-66.
18. Blick SS, Brumback RJ, Lakatos R, Poka A, Burgess AR. Early
prophylactic bone grafting of high-energy tibial fractures. Clin
Orthop Relat Res. 1989 ;( 240):21-41.
19. Alsousou J, Thompson M, Hulley P, Noble A, Willett K. The
biology of platelet-rich plasma and its application in trauma
and orthopaedic surgery: a review of the literature. J Bone
Joint Surg Br. 2009; 91(8):987-96. doi: 10.1302/0301-
620X.91B8.22546.
20. Anitua E, Sánchez M, Orive G, Andia I. Delivering growth
factors for therapeutics. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2008;
29(1):37-41. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2007.10.010.
21. Franchini M, Dupplicato P, Ferro I, De Gironcoli M, Aldegheri
R. Efficacy of platelet gel in reconstructive bone surgery.
Orthopedics. 2005; 28(2):161-3. doi: 10.3928/0147-7447-
20050201-19.
22. Dougherty P. Transtibial amputees from the Vietnam War:
twenty-eight year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;
83(3):383-9. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200103000-00010.
23. Crovetti G, Martinelli G, Issi M, et al. Platelet gel for healing
cutaneous chronic wounds. Transfus Apher Sci. 2004;
30(2):145-151. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2004.01.004.
24. Malhotra A, Pelletier MH, Yu Y, Walsh WR. Can platelet-rich
plasma (PRP) improve bone healing? A comparison between
the theory and experimental outcomes. Arch Orthop Trauma
Surg. 2013; 133(2):153-65. doi: 10.1007/s00402-012-1641-
1.
25. Kanthan SR, Kavitha G, Addi S, Choon DS, Kamarul T. Plateletrich plasma (PRP) enhances bone healing in non-united
critical-sized defects: a preliminary study involving rabbit
models. Injury. 2011; 42(8):782-9.
10.1016/j.injury.2011.01.015.
26. Ravari H, Hamidi-Almadari D, Salimifar M, Bonakdaran S,
Parizadeh MR, Koliakos G. Treatment of non-healing wounds
with autologous bone marrow cells, platelets, fibrin glue and
collagen matrix. Cytotherapy. 2011; 13(6):705-11. doi:
10.3109/14653249.2011.553594.