Quality Of Life and Functional Outcomes in Patients with Spinal Metastatic Bone Disease: A Retrospective Observational Study

Document Type : RESEARCH PAPER

Authors

Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

10.22038/abjs.2025.82413.3758

Abstract

Objectives: Spinal tumors account for 6-8% of all bone tumors, with spinal metastatic bone disease being the most commonly found spinal tumor. Patients with spinal metastatic bone disease typically present with symptoms such as pain, neurological impairments, and potential paralysis. The morbidity associated with spinal metastatic bone disease significantly impacts the patients' quality of life. This study aims to investigate the outcomes of quality of life and functional outcomes in patients with spinal metastatic bone disease.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted involving patients with spinal metastatic bone disease treated at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. The functional outcomes in this study were assessed using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
Results: A total of 73 patients were included in this study, with breast cancer being the most common primary tumor (53%). Significant associations were found between gender and pain component (P = 0.045) and general health component (P = 0.047) of SF-36 scores. Significant differences were also observed in SF-36 components - physical functioning (P = 0.046, r = -0.562), energy/fatigue (P = 0.035, r = -0.621), and general health (P = 0.027, r = -0.513) with age. Significant differences were observed between pre-therapy and post-therapy in SF-36 scores for physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, energy/fatigue, pain, general health, and ODI. Post-surgery, SF-36 role limitations due to physical health and ODI scores showed significant improvement. No significant relationships were found between pain severity, extremity weakness, type of therapy, and SF-36 or ODI scores.
Conclusion: There are significant associations between gender, age, and functional outcomes in patients with spinal metastatic bone disease. There is improvement in SF-36 scores and ODI scores post-therapy, especially after surgery.
        Level of evidence: III

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
Volume 14, Issue 1
January 2026
Pages 60-71

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History

  • Receive Date: 13 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 12 November 2025
  • Accept Date: 05 October 2025

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