<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery</title>
			<title_fa></title_fa>
			<short_title>ABJS</short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://abjs.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2345-4644</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2345-461X</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>0</year>
				<month>0</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2026</year>
				<month>2</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>14</volume>
			<number>2</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Functional Outcome of Management by Intramedullary Interlocking Nailing for Extra-Articular Distal Tibial Fractures in Adults</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>RESEARCH PAPER</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Objectives: Extra-articular distal tibial fractures (EADTFs) are commonly associated with fibular fractures in approximately 85% of cases and present unique challenges due to their unstable nature and propensity for complications such as malunion, delayed union, non-union, and soft tissue compromise. This study aimed to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes of intramedullary interlocking nailing (IMN) in the management of EADTFs.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 30 patients diagnosed with extra-articular distal tibial fractures, who underwent intramedullary nailing at a tertiary care center. Radiographic assessments included time to union, loss of reduction, and angular malalignment. Diagnostic criteria for consistent bony union, non-union, delayed union, and malunion were applied. Functional outcomes were measured using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring system during follow-up evaluations.Results: Of the 30 patients included, the mean age was 41.6 ± 15.6 years, with a male predominance (73.3%). Based on the AOFAS score, 26.7% of patients achieved an excellent outcome, 56.7% had good outcomes, and 16.6% had fair outcomes. No patient recorded a poor outcome. Radiologically, the mean time to union was 18.5 ± 2.2 weeks. Malunion occurred in 6.7% of cases, while there were no instances of delayed union, non-union, or infection reported.Conclusion: Intramedullary interlocking nailing is a reliable and effective treatment modality for extra-articular distal tibial fractures, offering favorable functional outcomes and a low complication rate. The technique demonstrates consistent union rates and minimal risk of infection or non-union, reinforcing its role as a preferred management strategy in appropriately selected cases.        Level of evidence: IV]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>AOFAS score, extra-articular distal tibial fractures, Functional outcome, intramedullary nailing, malunion</keyword>
				<start_page>129</start_page>
				<end_page>134</end_page>
				<web_url>https://abjs.mums.ac.ir/article_27039.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Sathish</first_name>
				<middle_name>Kumar</middle_name>
				<last_name>Dake</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>satishkumar4587@gmail.com</email>
				<code>118705</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Rajashekhar</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Tati</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>tatirajashekar@gmail.com</email>
				<code>118706</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Polisetty Venkata Shyam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Prasad</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>vsppolisetty@gmail.com</email>
				<code>118707</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Paidi</first_name>
				<middle_name>Srivenkat</middle_name>
				<last_name>Saketh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>vspaidi28@gmail.com</email>
				<code>118708</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Anga Venkata</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Suresh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>doctorsuresh2013@gmail.com</email>
				<code>118709</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Community Medicine, Gayatri Vidya Parishad Institute of Health Care and Medical Technology,Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>