In-Hospital Outcomes after Hemiarthroplasty versus Total Hip Arthroplasty for Isolated Femoral Neck Fractures

Document Type : RESEARCH PAPER

Authors

Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA

Abstract

 
Background:
 
 Previous studies suggest total hip arthroplasty may have some benefits compared to hemi-arthroplasty for displaced intracapsular femoral neck fractures in patients more than 60 years of age. The primary research question of our study was whether in-hospital adverse events, post-operative length of stay (LOS) and mortality in patients 60 year of age or older differed between total hip and hemi-arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture.
 
 Methods:
 
 We obtained data on 82951 patients more than 60 years of age with an isolated femoral neck fracture treated with either hemi-arthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty in 2009 or 2010 from the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) database. The International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9, CM) was used to code diagnoses, comorbidities, complications, and procedures.
 
 Results:
 
 Controlling for demographics and comorbidities, patients treated with hemi-arthroplasty had a 40% (95% CI 1.4-1.5) higher risk of adverse events compared to patients treated with a total hip arthroplasty. Length of stay and in-hospital mortality did not differ between these groups. 
Conclusions:
 
The observed advantage for total hip arthroplasty might reflect greater infirmity in hemi-arthroplasty patients that was not accounted for by ICD-9 codes alone.

Keywords


  1. Burgers PT, Van Geene AR, Van den Bekerom MP, Van Lieshout EM, Blom B, Aleem IS et al. Total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures in the healthy elderly: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized trials. Int Orthop. 2012; 36(8):1549-60.

  2. Carroll C, Stevenson M, Scope A, Evans P, Buckley S. Hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty for treating primary intracapsular fracture of the hip: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. Health Technol Assess. 2011; 15(36):1-74.

  3. Hopley C, Stengel D, Ekkernkamp A, Wich M. Primary total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for displaced intracapsular hip fractures in older patients: systematic review. BMJ. 2010; 340:2332.

  4. Keating JF, Grant A, Masson M, Scott NW, Forbes JF. Displaced intracapsular hip fractures in fit, older people: a randomised comparison of reduction and fixation, bipolar hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty. Health Technol Assess. 2005; 9(41): 1-65.

  5. Liao L, Zhao Jm, Su W, Ding Xf, Chen Lj, Luo Sx. A meta-analysis of total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty outcomes for displaced femoral neck fractures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012; 132(7): 1021-9.

  6. Yu L, Wang Y, Chen J. Total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures: meta-analysis of randomized trials. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012; 470(8):2235-43.

  7. Zi-Sheng A, You-Shui G, Zhi-Zhen J, Ting Y, Chang-Qing Z. Hemiarthroplasty vs primary total hip arthroplasty for displaced fractures of the femoral neck in the elderly: a meta-analysis. J Arthroplasty. 2011; 27(4):583-90.

  8. Avery PP, Baker RP, Walton MJ, Rooker JC, Squires B, Gargan MF, et al. Total hip replacement and hemiarthroplasty in mobile, independent patients with a displaced intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck: a seven- to ten-year follow-up report of a prospective randomised controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2011; 93(8):1045-8.

  9. Fisher MA, Matthei JD, Obirieze A, Ortega G, Tran DD, Carnegie DA, et al. Open reduction internal fixation versus hemiarthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty in the elderly: a review of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. J Surg Res. 2013;181(2):193-8.

  10. Parker MJ, Gurusamy K. Internal fixation versus arthroplasty for intracapsular proximal femoral fractures in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006; 4:CD001708.

  11. Parker MJ, Handoll HH. Replacement arthroplasty versus internal fixation for extracapsular hip fractures in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006; 2: CD000086.

  12. Lemeshow S, Teres D, Klar J, Avrunin JS, Gehlbach SH, Rapoport J. Mortality Probability Models (MPM II) based on an international cohort of intensive care unit patients. JAMA. 1993; 270(20): 2478-86.

  13. Memtsoudis SG, González Della Valle A, Besculides MC, Gaber L, Sculco TP.  In-hospital complications and mortality of unilateral, bilateral, and revision TKA: based on an estimate of 4,159,661 discharges. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008; 466(11):2617-27.

  14. Neuhaus V, King J, Hageman MG, Ring DC. Charlson Comorbidity Indices and In-hospital Deaths in Patients with Hip Fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013; 471(5):1712-9.

  15. Baker RP, Squires B, Gargan MF, Bannister GC. Total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty in mobile, independent patients with a displaced intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck. A randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006; 88(12):2583-9.

  16. Vorhies JS, Wang Y, Herndon J, Maloney WJ, Huddleston JI. Readmission and length of stay after total hip arthroplasty in a national Medicare sample. J Arthroplasty. 2011; 26: 119-23.

  17. Kannegaard PN, van der Mark S, Eiken P, Abrahamsen B. Excess mortality in men compared with women following a hip fracture. National analysis of comedications, comorbidity and survival. Age Ageing. 2010; 39(2):203-9.